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Patented Sept. 6, I898.

c. H. GANZEL, SR. I NRY CHEMNEY AND SWQKE FLUE.

MASO

(Application filed June 29. 18971) (NoMudeH 'Uivi'rnfi rates cnnis'r n. GANZEL, oF'noY WISCONSIN.

MASONRY CHIMNEY ano. s nioKE-FLuE.

V SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 610,396, dated September 6, 1898.

Application filed June 29, 1897. Eerial No. 642,866- (llo model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHRIST i1. GANZEL, Sr. a citizen of the United States, residing at Boyd, in the county of Chippewa and State of consi-n ave invente cer in no u Wis h t d ta I we (1 useful Improvements in Masonry Chimneys and Smoke-Flues; and I do hereby declare the following to he a full, clear, and exact de- -smription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relateslto certain improvements in masonry construction, and more particularly to certain improvements in masonry chimneys and smoke-lines.

It is a well-known fact that a large per- 'e'entage or the fires and" conflagrations origihating in dwellings and otherhouses start from and are caused. by defective fines or chimneysand that such fires are of the most dangerous and destructive character because of their deceptive and concealed character 'and the fact .that usually such fires smoulder unknown and unseen until they S0, increase. in size and extent as to most snddenlyand withswif-tness burst through the walls and partitions and consume the dwelling with the greatest rapidity. One great cause for such firesis the defective construction of, chim neys of brick or stone by reason of the spaces andcrevices or cracks opening through-the I chimney or other flue from-the interior smoke and flame passagethercof to the exterior of the chimney and the surrounding partitions and other woodwork, permitting the passage of flame and intense heat to the Woodwork of the house. Such openings usually are found between the bricks or stone of which the chimney is constructed by reason of the improper placing of the mortar or because of the displacing of properly-placed mortar undcr the action of heat or cold or for other reasons or causes. i

..Usually masonry chimneys are lined with a coating of mortar or cement; but this usu ally penis and drops off under the action of the elements or is scraped oil by the implements employed in cleaning the chimney, thereby Figure I is a vertical section taken centrally through an ordinary brick chimney, showing the same provided or combined with the fiue or lining herein set forth,-the lining" being shown as when built up with the chimney. Fig. 2. isatletail perspective viewofthe two vlowerlining-sections as shown in Fig. 1..

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional View taken through the chimney and its improved fine or lining.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail vertical section through the chimney and lining, showing the joint between two sections of the lining with theiradjoining ends overlapping or telescoping.

having the central flame and smoke flue b and the side or lateral openings .0 to receive the sleeves or thimbles communicating with the pipes or lines from the various stoves on'dififerent stories or in different rooms of the building. This chimney is here shown as constructed of bricks; but such a construc tion is illustrated merely as an example of a chimney of masonry, as the invention is as Well'adaptcd to chimneys constructed of stone or other material where openings or spaces are likely to form between the bodies or blocks cemented together to constitute the chimney. In the drawin gs several such spaces, openings, or crevices are shown Between the bri cks' and are indicated by the reference-letter d.

As this invention is designed to reudermasonry chimneys fireproof and to reduce danger of fire thercfrnn to a minimum, it comprises such a chimney in combination with the pe culiarimprevcdinterior lining of sheetmetal, more fully specified.licrcinafter,which forms the 'fi'ntcrior s'mokc and heat fine and forms surrounding closed air-spaces and which can be built up with such a chimney or inserted in a chimney already constructed withoutrequiring any chan gein the construction of-the,

In the drawings, a is a masonry chimney masonry chimney and without directly securing the lining thcreto. This liningis formed in a series of tclescopingsections resting one 'in the other and fitting th'e chimn'ey-fiue'with- 5 out bein g secured thereto, except, possibly, by

the sleeves or thimbles passing thereinto' through the chimney, and with the bottom section resting on the floor at the bottom of the chimney-flue and the upper section ending at the top of the chimney, so that the lining extends throughout the length of the chimney-flue and completely incloses the flue and lines the walls thereof.

In Fig. l the lining e is placed in .the chimney as the same is being built, and a bottom section f is provided to rest on the flooror base -of the chimney. This bottom section f is formed wi thtlie horizontal outwardly-projecting bottom flanges f, restin g on said base and go the bricks ofthe chimney and laid on said .tlanges, thereby rigidly and, firmly securing the lining in place. p 6 making up the lining are then inserted as the chimney is built up,with the lowerend of each section receiving the upper end of the one below. Each section is cut from sheet .metal and is then bent to conform to the interior of the chimney, usually rectangular in cross-section, and the edges of the sheet metal forming each section are overlapped at one side ouf the section and are unitednear the lower end, oi the section by a rivet e" or other ,,--suitable means, preferably leaving the upper and of the section collapsible by not securing the overlapping ends together 1 above said rivet. However, the lower or bottom section of the lining is usually riveted or otherwise secured both at the upper and lower ends of r the section. With the sections thus formed 40 their upper ends can be collapsed to the desired extent and inserted in the fixed lower ends of the sections above, and the spring of the sheet metal and friction at the telescoping ends and with the wall of the flue hold 5 the lining in the proper place and position and firmly in place, and holes can be cut in the lining to receive the stovepipe sleeves or thimbles.

The lining can be easily and readily in- 1 u'ring the length and 'sizepf the chimney-flue and then properly forming and bending the sections of the size desired' -an'dtelescoping them. as they are inserted at the top of the chimney, the bottom-section resting on the flo'or or base of the chimney, the'holes'in the liningfor the stovepipe -thimbles having been previously properly located and cut in the proper sections; A chimney thus formed can be most easily cleaned from the top without endangering the safety of the chimney, and also there is no danger from the cracks and crevices opening in the chimney as the same settles, nor is the lining endangered .or displaced by such settling, because the lining is notrigidly secured to the chimney, but merely rests loosely therein.

The remaining'sections sorted in chim neys already built by first measthe top lateral flanges approximatelyatthe Although the" fine or lining sectionsf are usually made togenerally conform to the interior shape of the chimney, yet said sections are-made smaller in size than the interior of the chimney, so as to leave the. air-space completely around the flue within the chimney. This is accomplished and the due or lining is held in the proper position within-the chimney by the strips'or ribs iron the exterior of each lining-section and engaging the interiorif surface of the chimney and thereby centering the fine or lining and forming the air-space completely around the same and extending the full length of the chimney. ,The'up er o'r-.- top section of the fine or lining is flange ,o-Fer the top of the chimney to close the upperehd of such air-space within the chimney,an'd thus prevent sparks, &c., dropping down into thesame. .1 l

The tide or lining is preferably rectangular -in cross-section and is provided with a ver- -tical longitudinal strip or ribv at each side J thereof, and these ribs are also preferably 0 formed hollow, as shown, to constitute vertical air-spaces. Each section is formed with. the side ribs, which are usually formedfof, strips of sheet-iron or other suitahlejnetffll' bent U-shaped, with flanges riveiefd tethe- "metal of the section, so that when the section's i;

are joined together the various hollow ribs: thereof will coincide or register and form the continuous ribs or strips of the entire lining or flue. Material advantages are attainedby loo thus forming andproviding the air spaces or passages'around the line or lining and within the chimney. Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by. to; Letters Patent of the United States, 1. A masonry chimney, in combination with a sheet-metal casing extending throughout the length thereof from the base of the chinrney to the top thereof, said lining composed of telescoping sections in cross-section 'generally conforming to the interior of the ehimney and having exterior means to engage the wall of the chimney and center the lining and form the surrounding air-space, the bottom or base section having the bottom lateral flanges f, entering the masonry of the ehimg ney at the base thereof and closing the lower end of said air-space, the top section having top of the-chimney and closing the top of said air-space, and the smoke-pipes,entering-t, the sheet -metal lining througha sectionthereof, substantially as described.:-= q.

2. A masonry chimney, in combination with ".1 2 5 a protective sheet-metal lining formingithe smoke-flue and built up of short telescoping sections extending throughout the length of the chimney, the lining of a size toleave an air-space around the same,cach section formed with several exterior hollowribs engaging the inner surfaces of the chimney, the corresponding hollow ribs of the several sections abutting and registering at their ends as de--':

scribed, the air-space and the ribs closed at the top of the chimney,- whereby the construction of the chimney is not Varied to receive the lining and the same can be built up with the chimney or inserted afterward.

8. A masonry chimney, in combination with a protective sheet-metal lining built up of sections forming the smoke-flue, and extending approximately throughout the length of the chimney with the surrounding air-space within the chiumey the bottom-section haw ing the lateral flanges closing the lower end of the air-space and the top section having the flanges resting on the top of the chimney and closing the top of the air-space, each section collapsible at one end only, as described,

to fit in the end of the adjoining section, the a section having the vertical exterior hollow abutting and registering ribs engaging the inner surfaces of the chimney.

4. A masonry chimney, in combination with a sheet-metal lining or flue therefor comprisfrom sheet metal with straight overlapping ends pivotally secured together near one end only as by a rivet e, so that the opposite end section, substantially as described, whereby the lining can be built up with the chimney or inserted afterward, said lining extending approximately throughout the length of the chimney and in cross-section conforming to thereby retaining the flame and smoke and preventing escape thereof through lateral crevices in the masonry of the chimney, as described. I

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses. CHRIST I-I. GANZEL, SR.

Witnesses: I

EIL. E. MARTIN, W. H. BROWNING.

ing telescoping sections, each section bent can collapse to enter the fixed end of the next -the interierthereofiand centered toform the" sun-rounding air-space closed at the top,- 

